It is not as simple as that.
ABO groupings do have their problems but that is due to incompatibility issues at birth rather than the association of chronic diseases, particularly auto immune diseases.
All humans have as well as ABO, other blood factors known as HLA (Human Leucocyte Antigen) ...dozens of them and it is thought that the association of "some" chronic diseases may be due to mutations in these genes.
http://www.eupedia.com/forum/threads/25151-HLA-types-and-autoimmune-diseases
My explanation is simple i.e I can understand it, but the link above may explain it better than me.