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Personal loans
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For more on marking an answer as the "Best Answer", please visit our FAQ.1. If the loan is secured on a jointly owned house it could not be taken out without both joint partners being aware of it, as they would both have to agree to it being secured. If a loan is secured and one joint owner dies then - if the survivor cannot keep up the payments - the lender could take Court action which might end with the house having to be sold.
2. If one partner took out an unsecured loan without the other partner knowing about it, it would be owed solely by the person who took it out. If that person dies, the debt is part of his/her estate and has to be paid out of the assets of the estate if there are any. The deceased's share in the house is only an asset of the estate if it was owned as "tenants in common". If it was owned as "joint tenants" then the whole ownership goes to the survivor outside the estate of the deceased. In that case, the only way the lender could get at the property would be to bankrupt the estate of the deceased - something which I think is very rarely done.