If this is the type that has no solvents, it's (in my experience) crap. The solvent based stuff works much better - but any of these builders' adhesives is unlikely to work in this application - all you'd be doing is sticking the pole brackets to plaster - heavy curtains would rip the brackets and plaster off the wall.
If you can get hold of an SDS drill, it will penetrate the lintel (if it's concrete).
If the lintel is metal, it might be possible to drill through it with a metal drill, and fix into the masonry behind.
Otherwise, jomifl's suggestion is a very good one - though I personally would have the batten long enough to overlap the lintel and use drilled fixings at the ends as well.