My mother called them spills; they were just bigger and thicker than the ones on the mantelpiece for lighting your ciggie. The procedure was, which my father did, rather than my mother, was to:
a) rake out yesterday's ashes and clean the fireplace
b) lay a profusion of newspaper spills
c) cover with a few chopped sticks ( or firelighters if you were posh)
d) strategically place a few pieces of coal on said heap
e) light the fire
f) if it wasn't drawing properly hold a 'bleezer' (usually a double sheet of broadsheet) to create an updraft so the fire would take hold. This was a tricky operation because if the bleezer caught fire it would shoot up the chimney as well.