Well, in fact, the leaves only fall off deciduous trees; evergreen trees, such as pines, retain their leaves or needles. Why do the leaves fall in autumn? Presumably, because like most plants (at least those not in the tropics) they have a cycle which follows the seasons. New leaves develop in Spring, they gradually dry and age during the Summer and early Autumn, changing colour from green to brown (or red & gold); then fall off during late Autumn and Winter; before the cycle starts again in Spring.