Assuming you are a man - or you would know! - women are just like men, they are individuals, so you can't generalise too much, but there are a few basics.
Women are far more intuative than men. they read body language more often and more accurately, so they tend to know what your moods are, even if you don't articulate what they may be.
Women are far better communicators than men. Men tell jokes, women talk to each other. Women are far more comfortable confiding details of their lives and feelings to other women, men hardly ever do so, partly due to conditioning by society, and partly because men rarely have the opportunities that women give themselves - lunches, nights out (to talk, not get smashed!) and so on.
Give a man a problem, he will give you a solution,. Often a woman doesn;t want a solution, she wants someone to listen while she runs through her options verbally, and tries out a few thoughts. If you say "I'd do this ... what time is the football on?" she will think you insensitive for not listening, and uncaring because you think her problem is too trivial to discuss.
I could go on all day and all night, but I'm sure the AB ladies will pitch in as well. This is just to start you off.