When I made this mistake, the AA chap told me that up to about 10% petrol was OK in the diesel.
I'd got the cans muddled, and when I ran out I put a gallon of petrol in. After being towed to a fuel station & filling up with another 9 gallons, it ran fine.
I also realised why the outboard had been running so roughly...!
Not sure about the diesel in petrol fuel, but I once saw a petrol Land Rover engine "not run" on half and half. Lots of smoke too...
I worked out that the outboard had been running, just about, on about 1/3 diesel, but of course that's a two-stroke which has oil in the fuel anyway.
I've also found in a laid-up car that the petrol in the tank eventually evaporates, leaving heavier oils (roughly like paraffin I guess). It was a devil to start, but just about ran when hot.