Assault
Assault is both a criminal and a civil offence, and searching employees could amount to assault if not carried out properly and with the employee's consent.
The employer may not be vicariously liable for a criminal act, but those conducting the search could reasonably refuse to carry out searches that could lay them open to a criminal charge.
If they had been asked to conduct a search that made them liable for a criminal charge, they may have a claim against the employer for putting them in that situation.
The employer could, however, be vicariously liable for a civil claim of assault. The remedy for assault is in damages, which an employee may claim against the employer, the perpetrator of the assault or both. If the conduct of the search formed part of the contract, the employee would have given consent to the search provided it was carried out properly and reasonably.
Discrimination
Random searches should be genuinely random unless the employer has reasonable suspicions about a particular employee. Care should be taken to ensure the employees being searched were not chosen for any discriminatory reasons on the basis of race, sex or disability.
Human Rights Act 1998
The Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA) introduced Article 8, which is a right to respect for private and family life. This, however, is not an absolute right and is one that must be balanced with, among other things, the protection of the rights and freedoms of others.
The right is also not directly enforceable against a private employer but it is enforceable against public bodies or those carrying out a public function.
However, the employment tribunal and the courts are specifically required by the HRA to take the Act into account when making their decisions.
contd... (just a little bit more)