Anyone who has been caught, and proven to have committed insurance fraud will have their details entered on various databases - unfortunately, the police are neither interested, nor have the man power to deal with these issues (trust me, I know).
Are we talking car, household, travel insurance, etc? Car insurers have many databases, but the others have very little in all honesty. If it is anything other than car insurance, then there is pretty much no way to trace who the insurer as there is no legal obligation to insure anything else in the same way as car insurance, so there are no centralised databases that you can just type details in and obtain the details