The law requires car tyres to have a minimum tread depth of 1.6mm in a continuous band around the central three quarters of the tyre. To help you judge how much tread you have on your car tyres, manufacturers often mould tread bars at roughly 1.6mm.
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If you can see these bars your tyres are about to become illegal and unsafe. However, for optimum safety, most manufacturers recommend that your tyres are changed at 3mm.
On the side of the tyres near the tread edge is a tiny mark 'TW'. this is where the tread wear indicator is lined up with. If you run your finger across the tread here, you will find a bump in the root of the tread pattern, when your tyres are worn down to this bump, it's time to get new tyres. There are other things to look for as some tyres wear unevenly and may appear ok on the outerside but not innerside. http://www.national.co.uk/information/tyre-tread.aspx