@sp1814
per your 10:24 re my misunderstanding you:-
Your OP had this
//And does this suggest that those on the political right secretly believe that if you have brown skin, any success you may have is nothing to do with your skills or qualities, but because of preferential treatment (ie. if you're not white, you're not as good)? //
From reading what people say when they whine about affirmative action, this is the general sense I get. However, I think they ate referring to the specific individuals moved into their elevated positions, from a lower echelon.
Scenario:
A company has a mix of job grades and a mix of ethnicities. The lower/lowest grades either have a "correct" (proportional to local population) or even an excessive representation of minorities because their progress up the ladder has (historically) been blocked by their attainment in paper qualifications.
But the pattern is changing and the younger ones have the required qualifications to progress up the ladder but aren't being allowed to progress because the bosses still treat the entire minority as a 'lump', with a presumed ability limit.
In comes affirmative action. If implemeted badly, candidates are plucked from **within the company's pool of existing employees** and slotted into jobs in order to meet some numerical quota and with careless disregard to their skillset. If you slot the shy maths whizz into the job which requires "people skills" and the "people person" into the accountancy department and so on, then they end up underperforming. As individuals they may end up discredited and go down with stress. To keep the numbers right, install another one. The entire action plan is gradually discredited as a quotas game, as aprocryphal cases circulate and, in time, nobody trusts it any more.
All the while, the abovementioned younger generation, with the right qualifications are still trapped in the low-grade job, overlooked because they are not time-served ("promotion queue" system) and their skillset is not growing because their job is not stretching their abilities or allowing them to show talent spotter management types what they can do.
If we were not a diverse society and the employer was 100% one ethnicity, all this internal competition would still be present so introducing a special short-cut for minority groups is going to be resented in some quarters.
Accusing those, specially selected for advancement, of being less talented is sour grapes, on the face of it but, if it was a genuine case of the lowly filing clerk being promoted to a level or two above your pay grade, you might be justified in that sourness, as would your fellow team members. If it was an external recruit, most would probably accept that the applicant met the skills criteria and helping to fill the "quota" was merely incidental.
Anyway, all this exposition is by way of saying that accusing an individual of being less talented may be rather harking back to this over-arching image of (bad implementations of) affirmative action rather than objective assessments of that individual's *actual* abilities.
Again, this is treating an ethnic person as part of a "lump", with certain attributes, which is at the heart of what discrimination is rooted in.
I think part of the problem is how "up ourselves" we are. You assess a stranger and ask yourself "does this person have the talents I want for this role?", which you then answer by testing against "are they like me?" - because we all regard ourselves as talented, right? Any perceptible differences in appearance, or manners should be handled as signifiers of "different" but some make the erroneous leap of logic from that to "not like me, therefore not talented".