@RandyMarsh
//Are they not just intern positions? //
Position, singular.
//Not real contracts, just opportunities to see what happens for a limited time.//
I only started hearing this term "internship", with regard to the UK jobs market less than ten years ago. Prior to that, I only heard it in the phrase "White House intern", as in Miss Lewinsky or as an alternative to "White House aide", ie it only ever cropped up in newscasts and I never bothered to investigate any deeper meaning.
I saw a documentary a while back which discussed the abuse of internships in the case of jobs where the eventual post is very highly paid. Interns work unwaged for up to a year so, in effect, all spotty oiks are screened out and only toffs need apply.
That is an example of the establishment at work.
Read any job advert and look at all the hurdles put in place which you will only get over if you're an insider and have accumulated the required experience already. The long-term unemployed have no point of entry to any well paid job with which they can hope to "catch up" with people the same age as them who have always been in work.