Africa is one large problem, that not one single cause can be blamed, it is a multitude of problems.
The two greatest problems are the weather and un-educated corrupt leaders.
The rest of the world can do nothing about the weather, but they could along with support of the long suffering populous, oust these leaders out of power if they really wanted to. But having seen the support Mugabe seems to still get from the peoples of Zimbabwe, is this at all possible?
Regulating the amount of children they have, would also help Africa's problems, but it has been tried, birth control education, free birth control devices, they just don't want to know.
I know it is not polically correct to state this, but Africa was much better run under Colonial control, be it British, French, Belguim, Dutch or German at least it could not possibly have been worse.
Just throwing money at Africa is a waste, and generally ends up in the pockets of it's corrupt leaders, to feather their own nests or to buy more arms, for their numerous wars.
Education, Education an know-how is what is needed for Africa's people, educate them, so they can in time take their continent back and run it efficiently. It has the wealth and resources, if it was more evenly distributed.