the minnesota method

[emmakate58]

Does anyone know who developed the Minnesota method, and what year it was in? Please help!

[Octavius]

Mark A. Greene and Todd J. Daniels-Howell in 1997 allegedly

[emmakate58]

i mean the psychological minnesota method in which it is based on the 12 step programme from AA

[Hippy]

Although theories of substance addiction and its reversal have existed in many cultures for a long time, the work of E.M. Jellinek in America during the 1940s suggested a physiological propensity for alcohol addiction. Whilst this self proclaimed doctor was later revealed to have largely bogus qualifications, his thoughts challenged the established view of the time that drunks were mad and needed to be confined as they displayed some psychotic behaviour.

An enlightened institute, called the Hazelden Foundation, was established in 1949 and its leading physicians, psychiatrists and it has to be said religious founders, formulated the 12-step Minnesota model. The original Hazelden treatment method evolved from experiments carried out in several psychiatric hospitals in Midwest America.

One of Hazelden's founders, Daniel J. Anderson, commenting on the origins of the 12-step method, said that his approach was developed further during the 1950s. He described that doctors had been trying to help alcoholics with only moderate success, and there were church people trying to straighten out drunks by giving them ethics and guilt, and that was not working too well either. Finally, the social workers were trying to blame the home, and the psychiatrists trying to mess with their heads, and nothing was working. He said that by putting together interdisciplinary skills they created a learning and successful recovery environment for alcoholics.