Windows Media Player should be there (in the programs list, under 'W') in all versions of Windows 8 but it's no longer the default program for handling music files. (That's Windows Music App). However, unless you've got Window 8 Pro, it won't play videos and there are lots of better (free) programs anyway.
Windows Media Player is 'Jack of all trades and master of none'. i.e.it tries to do lots of things but each of those functions can be bettered by alternative (free) software.
WinAmp has been around for ages (although the latest version is bang up to date) and is generally regarded as achieving much of what Windows Media Player sets out (but fails) to do:
http://www.winamp.com/
(It will rip CDs, which is what your question specifically relates to).
However there are dozens (possibly hundreds!) of free programs that just rip CDs, without attempting to do lots of other things as well, such as this much-praised one:
http://download.cnet.com/Express-Rip-Free-CD-Ripper/3000-2140_4-10327482.html
While WinAmp is possibly the best media player for handling audio files, there are two vastly better programs for handling video. The one which is constantly praised in the technical press, on BBC technology programs and here on AB is VLC:
http://www.videolan.org/vlc/index.html
It's certainly a fantastic program but I prefer the far less well-known (but equally much-praised by those who've discovered it) GOM:
http://player.gomlab.com/eng/download/