If left on, it will almost certainly use more power than if turned off, but there's no definitive answer to this question in the form that you've asked it.
Repeatedly turning your PC on and off will put more wear on the components of it than just turning it on and leaving it running. There are lots of power saving options on today's PCs and laptops. Screensaver, automatic monitor turn off, self adjusting processor clockspeeds and fan levels.
If you want to reduce power usage but still be able to use your computer sporadically I suggest putting the computer into "sleep" mode. This will put most all of it's components into a powered down or lower power state but make it so that the PC can be bought back to life at the touch of a keyboard stroke, and will retain things in memory so you're not booting up the operating system each time you use it.