I agree with Clanad, it definately sounds like you have powdery mildew, the white powdery coating is actually the fungal spores and its best treated when symptoms first appear. You can also spray or dust with a fungicide ie carbendazim or dust with sulphur and as mentioned,repeat as necesary.
A preventative measure is toreduce the posibility of the infection by making sure that plenty of water is given around the roots to prevent the soil from drying out completely. Good Luck Tbird+