White light (like sunlight) is made up of different colours - from blue to red (at the opposite ends of the spectrum(like a rainbow)). Light gets bent slightly according to what it's going through (like water, glass, air etc.) but blue gets bent more than red. So when you see the sun at sunset, it is so close to the edge of the horizon that the light has to go through much more of the atmosphere than normal, so the blue gets bent out of the way and only the red is strong enough to reach you. Dust is not much to do with it. btw, the scattering of the blue light in this way is partly why the sky is blue.