A CCJ is a County Court Judgement so yes it will have been brought up in a court so in essence, yes they have taken 'you' to court.
The CCJ stays on your credit rating for I think 4-6 years, it used to be 10 which really messed up peoples chances of getting credit.
Even if you satify the CCJ before it goes to court it will still show on your record and can effect your chances are getting further credit.
Paying your credit on time will enhance your rating and in theory raises your chances of getting further credit.