25a PM who gave service to monarch once, 11 letters, chamberlain? 14a respect old city's given within nation, 7 letters ??a?u?e 36a Winter's horrid hail enveloping European capital, 8 letters ?i?e?n??
40d vessael that could become tacky with rust, 2 words 5 and 4 c?t?? ????
36a - hibernal (Bern in an anagram of hail)
25a - expect this is chamberlain, as you suggest. Obviously, Neville Chamberlain, and a chamberlain was someone who managed the king's household.