yes, some toll highways in the USA are called turnpikes, especially in the east. But the origin is British, I believe. British roads used to be awful (I'm talking 17th-18th centuries); sometimes councils would improve stretches of them but would then charge coaches to travel on them to recoup their investment. The actual pike functioned as a primitive toll plaza.
As a matter of interest, a 'turnpiker' was someone who roamed along these English roads, as a sort of traveller/vagabond. That in turn was abbreviated to 'pikey' or 'piky', which has been a derogatory word meaning a 'gipsy' since the mid-1800s.