ichi: /Ukraine wasn’t an independent country in 1988 (!)
Nor were Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Moldova, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Slovenia, Slovakia, the Czech Rep, Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo, N Macedonia or South Sudan.///
True, Ukraine wasn't an independent country in 1988, nor had it ever been, it was region.
As to the others you name, without going tediously into every case (which you are welcome to do) many of them were in fact countries in their own historic right, with their own languages & cultures.