When I was at school, many moons ago, girls were always called by their first names, but from last year at primary until the end of their time at school, boys were always called by their surnames.
I cannot remember anyone being at all bothered by this.
I would not like to be called just by my surname, but if I was, say , in a service or profession where that was the norm, then I'd just suck it up.
I do not like being addressed by total strangers usually decades younger than me by my first name. I don't make a fuss about it ( unless they are particularly annoying) but if asked I always ask to be called Mrs ......
I worked with members of the public and would never have addressed them by their first names unless invited to.
I expect it is an age thing .Those of us who are older prefer more formal modes of address.