Motherboards and CPUs tend to go "hand in hand" in terms of technoloogy.
When a generation of CPUs come out then the motherboards of the day support these CPUs.
But then a new generation of CPUs come out which will often have a different number of pins, or use different sockets or voltages or whatever.
So to use these CPUs you need a motherboard of the same "generation".
So the answer is that NO you cant put a new modern CPU in an older motherboard.
You will need a new motherboard, and CPU, and probably memory as well, so it is often easier to "start again"..