Part a
Organized in May 1927 as a nonprofit corporation, its original 36 members included both production executives and film luminaries. Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. was the first president. Others have included Frank Capra, Bette Davis, Jean Hersholt, George Stevens, Robert E. Wise, Karl Malden, Arthur Hiller and Robert Rehme. Current president Frank Pierson took office in August 2001.
Membership in the Academy is by invitation of the Board of Governors and is limited to those who have achieved distinction in the arts and sciences of motion pictures. Some of the criteria for admittance are: film credits that reflect the high standards of the Academy, receipt of an Academy Award nomination, achievement of unique distinction, earning of special merit, or making an outstanding contribution to film.
Members represent 14 branches ' Actors, Art Directors, Cinematographers, Directors, Documentary, Executives, Film Editors, Music, Producers, Public Relations, Short Films and Feature Animation, Sound, Visual Effects, and Writers.