Iron is an essential mineral in the human body. Since the actual amount of iron required by the body is small, it is called a trace mineral. Iron is found in haemoglobin, which transports oxygen from one tissue to another in the blood. When the iron level is low, the amount of available oxygen declines, thus limiting energy production. Tiredness and fatigue, therefore, are common symptoms of iron deficiency.
Anyone can experience iron deficiency. Conditions that can contribute to deficiency include:
- increased iron needs due to growth,
- pregnancy or illness;
- inadequate intake of iron due to restrictive dietary regimens;
- excessive blood loss.
Consumption of iron-containing foods is crucial for maintaining iron stores in the body. There are two types of iron in foods: haeme and nonhaeme. The body absorbs haeme iron much easier than nonhaeme iron. Meat and seafood products provide haeme iron; plant products supply nonhaeme iron.