Death Of Three Young Ladies Backpacking...
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For more on marking an answer as the "Best Answer", please visit our FAQ.Just for sake of correctness:
Although Didcot is correct in the majority of what he says - with regard the overseas purchases: Lloyds TSB, American Express and Tescos have just succesffuly challenged the OFT in that the OFT wanted consumers protecting for overseas purchases. The ruling has said that the credit card companies are not laible.
HOWEVER, currently HSBC, BOS and Sainsburys bank are still being nice to customers and reimbursing their customers in cases overseas.
Look at credit cards individually - they all vary in the extra protections they offer you!.
Incidentally, no they do not credit search you - a company needs permission to search you. If you contact Experian or equifax and request a copy of your credit file they will show all the searches that have been done on you (recorded and unrecorded) in the last 12 months.
As ansteyg correctly says, your payment is either 'accepted' or 'declined' by the CC processor....
...however, when you order online and your card is 'accepted' it is not usually actually charged at that time (two reasons: it's illegal to charge until goods are depatched; it can take some time for a charge to go through, and vendor wouldn't want customer sitting around waiting for confirmation).
During the time between you ordering and the goods being despatched, your details may be flagged as 'suspicious' (due to high order value, post-code/country of delivery similar to that of known fraudsters, different order/delivery address, even (assumed) nationality from surname), in which case you may be checked - not so much a credit check as an identity check. Online retailers have a shared pool of info on fraudsters and you may be compared to this list, or asked to send additional information to confirm you are the card-holder.
If you're interested to see what info is held about you by agencies who perform credit check info, you can get one for free from:
https://www.creditexpert.co.uk