I think you've answered your own question.
Different countries have different resources, this results in trade and wealth generation. Russia does not have a monopoly on gas and oil and cannot afford the emnity of other countries that they rely on for other things not least technology.
You'er not a writer for "Spooks" are you this all sounds a bit like one of their "lunchtime down the pub" plots!
Carbon trading has the opportunity to greatly aid third world countries who will be able to sell their unused carbon credits to 1st world countries. However the devil is in the detail and it all depends on what levels are set and how the credits are shared out. I don't think the western world is not about to let that happen on a tonnes per head basis.
And you're simply wrong about China and India and deaf ears.
China announced a firm target for carbon cuts last November
http://www.reuters.co...idUSTRE5AP11H20091126
immediately followed by India
http://www.abc.net.au...009/12/04/2761558.htm