mmm.... not sure what effect you are looking for, except the obvious one; temperature (weather). The colder temperatures away from the equator are not so much caused by the slightly greater distance from the sun, rather by the distance the sun's rays have to travel through the atmosphere.
Close to the equator, there is a higher angle of incidence to the sun (i.e the suns rays are more concentrated on a particular area). This means that it is hotter there and also that there is an equatorial climate there-one with no seasons. As you move further away from the equator the angle of incidence from the sun becomes smaller and therefore it becomes cooler and more seasonal.
What is this actually for because Im doing A level geography and could go into more detail if you would like.......